buy custom Challenges in Multi-Generational Staff in the Nursing Profession essay

buy custom Challenges in Multi-Generational Staff in the Nursing Profession essay A pestilent menace plagues the nursing profession. Generational mistrust has ruined the social civility in the workplace, with dire consequences. Generational antagonism in value systems has led to toxic work environments where nursing staff are making the drastic decisions to quit the profession for good. Research is pointing to fact that nurse have a different work environment from other medical persons that needs to be improved inclusively (Wilson, Squires, Widger, and Cranley Tourangeau, 2008); On the contrarily, critics are quick to point out the observable difference in viewpoints that nurses have on their unit climate whereby blame has been heaped on the blatant incivility among nurses of different generations towards each other to encourage teamwork (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). Broad reforms are necessary in the nursing work environment to ensure that the profession mitigates loss in confidence due to wanting integrity. Stakeholders have been called upon to help organize n urses to curb forecasted future shortages of nurses due to poor working environment and culture. The purpose of this report is to highlight the problems that exist in the workplaces in which nurses are continually exposed to, the price the stakeholders might have to pay in future for the destructive trend, some feasible solutions available for consideration and a brief conclusion of the report. Introduction Generational differences have caused mayhem in the social relationships among nursing staff (Kupperschmidt, 2006). Intergenerational conflicts are an issue of concern for the stakeholders in the sector, and one in need of immediate redress. Each generation has various strengths and vulnerabilities inherent in its value systems. Opposing generations of nurses are operating the same profession without proper guidance to help bridge the generational gap observable in culture, professionalism ethics and information. Different age groups of nurses occupy different ranks within the management ladder and thus conflict and discord are bound to happen due to generational discrepancy. Young nurses find themselves dealing with stressful work environment stereotypically created by the older generation as a result of working consistently in poor working environment. Sharp opposition to old value such as hard-work have lost value in the system following a change in economic perspective whereby nur se are concern to know if their effort is appreciated through motivational reward schemes. Leadership Problems in Nursing Generational differences subsist in the workplaces among the nurses. According to Leiter, Price, Spence, (2010), there is a lot of tension between the generation X nurses and the Baby Boomer nurses in their social interactions. The generation X workers experienced more disharmonies from their coworkers mainly from the Baby Boomer generation. The supervisors were also more impolite to the generation of nurses. Cynicism and disillusioned attitude was quite clear observable in younger nurses than older nurses general because of financial motivation differences whereby older nurses earn more and feel secure in their jobs having climbed the professional ladder. On the contrary, younger nurses appear to suffer more psychological trauma in comparison to their older counterparts, despite the expected health and emotional resilience attached to the youth (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). Researchers attribute this burnout phenomenon to the fact that the younger nurses are newer to the hostile workplace environments. Before they join the workplaces, young nurses spirits and imaginations were expecting a supportive and encourage work place that could encourage growth in both career and social environment; nevertheless, overworking and insignificant rest patterns have infuriated the generation X nurses. The socially unwelcoming environment therefore causes them distress and disappointment. Habitual work dissatisfaction easily causes uncivil behavior in work environments leading to poor productivity (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). The older generation of nurses is more familiar to the hostile environment after adapting to the workplace activities and eventually learning to survive the inhospitable workplace. Many young nurses are quitting the nursing profession due to consistent misunderstanding because of difference in social culture and tactics of solving workplace conflict whereby young nurses feel intimidated by their older peers (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). The hostility from older coworkers forces younger nurses to withdraw from the workplaces and eventually abandon the profession altogether. Therefore, literary there exists a brain drain in the nursing work profession following high movement of young nurses of the workforce into other professions. Quitting is a major concern for the career, and requires immediate and urgent attention before the profession suffers from serious shortage of nurses. Shortage of nurses could jeopardize the entire health care system with devastating impacts whereby health consumers are likely to face health hazards since nurses administer drugs as directed by physicians. The government and healthcare stakeholders are challenged to change the nursing c ulture in order to attact more young people into the nursing profession. Supervisor social conflict has greater negative impact than coworker incivility on the job dissatisfaction to the nursing profession (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). Young nurses like to be free and unsupervised since they believe to be qualified to handle nursing profession before graduating and therefore any attempt to monitor and supervise creates a psychological strain that forces female nurses to withdraw from the profession. The decision to change profession is mainly caused by social incoherence that are traceable between superiors and young nurses who hold a different view about decision making and career actualization. Lack of regular motivation is the main cause of social chaos in many healthcare facilities since nurses feel ill-paid and unappreciated for their effort through school and late in work. Job satisfaction is low among the younger nurses because of low pay compared to the economic needs (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). Research has shown that younger generations of nurses need closer attention than the older generations for them to derive greater satisfaction from their professions. Recurrent psychological reinforcement of the younger nurses shows that they do their work better, and makes them better off and more effective in the work environments. In short, work relationships, psychological well-being, and work performance have a very high correlation to the wellbeing of younger nurses than older nurses. Nursing Leadership Concepts Managing Change Managing change calls for visionary leadership team that can see beyond the traditional leadership roles (Wilson et al., 2008). A team that can deliver this kind of performance has to be multigenerational, so that all perspectives are included in deciphering the opinion of the future. A multigenerational leadership is also all encompassing of all generation and creates a sense of amicable and reassuring coexistence in the nursing community. Leadership vs. Management Leadership and management are two different things. Leadership is the process of inspiring the workforce to achieve certain goals while management is about making the workforce achieve the same goal through a finite strategy. Leadership therefore, calls for greater commitment and involvement as a team to develop the strategy and tactics that can deliver result for the healthcare goal. That is why Wilson and et al. proposes two leadership styles that if applied can help deal with staff retention and provide a mechanism for easier health care service delivery. The first proposition is transformational leadership and the second is transactional leadership. One factor unifies the two; the goal remains similar. In transformational leadership, the top management inspires the staff, as the ultimate human resource that makes important decisions. Recognition is equally an important aspect of motivating nurses to work. In transactional leadership, the workers do not necessarily share in the or ganizations goal; therefore, management has to come up with other methods of making nurse work by using incentives such as bonuses or rewards to motivate the workers to achieve the targets and other measures that can inspire nurses to work and provide efficient services. Overall, leadership is more inclusive while management is more impersonal to the needs of the workers in question. Ethics Nursing Wilson et al. (2008) observes that discrimination is quite popular when preparing the work schedule that usually favors older generation of nurses over the younger generation of nurses who are mostly assigned to inhospitable night shifts and early morning work. Younger generation of nurses are less concern about scheduling if motivational payment is included unlike the Baby Boomer nurses hold schedules with high cultural regard. Older generations are out of favor with the immediately preceding generation. Although this does not suggest that scheduling be strictly in favor of the Boomer generation of nurses, special consideration are necessary so that all groups feel comfortable as they work. Delegation Delegation of duties among nurses is a highly debated topic. A career prospect is one of the issues facing the strain in the nursing profession. Delegation could be one of the most efficient ways to achieve this goal. By delegating, a nurses commitment and loyalty to the profession is increases, and the possibilities of quitting in search of greener pasture reduce. Notwithstanding the widely divergent views on delegation among various leaders, the practice should be help to retain nurses, especially generation X nurses who give more want assurance about personal career growth. Findings Leiter, Price Spence, (2010), have found out that the dominant generation generally feels more comfortable working in the present environment than younger nurses because of the fact that older nurse have adapted to working conditions and the peer teamwork. The major reason for this is the commonality in the values concerning most issues annd therefore the sense of belonging is fostered through the abundant support and sharing among the nurses in the institution among the generation members. Therefore, to close in the generational gap, a change in work environment is necessary to give more attention to the younger generation of nurses who need to get experience to teach the future nurses the practical hospital experience. Possible Solutions There is urgent need to create and cultivate more supportive and fruitful relationships between the conflicting generation of nurses to ensure that work is effective and the workers coexist in a better working environment. Workplace relationships are of key importance to the effectiveness and the job satisfaction the nurses derive from their jobs (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). There are many victims born of the uncivil relationship between nurses of the different generations (Leiter et al., 2010). Not only do the nurses themselves lack psychological support and motivation in the workplace but also the eventual service delivery to the patients suffers in quality as the battered moods translate to the patients. Leiter, Price Spence, (2010), recommend the implementation of initiatives to cultivate more empathetic work environments. The management of the hospitals is at the prime and paramount position to make sure that this aim is achievable. The better work relationships that will result from such initiatives will develop the nursing culture that creates a greater sense of belonging in the community of nurses in a certain health care facility, and the work performance will increase, as well as job satisfaction the nurses will derive from their work. Dialogue should be nurtured among the various nurses in civil forums where each group can raise their concerns and come up with a solution that works for everybody (Leiter, Price Spence, 2010). Organizational development techniques such as CREW (Civility, Respect, and Engagement in the Workplace) are steps in the right direction, and could achieve results beyond imagination in the creating of more amicable work conditions for nurses of all generations. Programs should exist to ensure that work relationship among different generations take off on the right footing. The relationship between nurses from the beneficial perspective right from the very beginning of the work relationship is necessary. Some of the ideas floated by the researchers include the introduction of graduate mentorship programs. Such initiatives will project the importance each generation has to play in the work environment and grow the relevance and importance each of the generation sees in the other in the work environment. A sense of belonging and community is possible in an environment where the individual roles of each person are recognized and respected, and the position of each individual accepted and given the regard and understanding, it deserves, especially in the case of the younger nurses who are freshly joining the profession. Each generation of nurses holds different perspectives on leadership (Geisen, 2010). Conflict with the management is the single most influential factor to the deterioration in workplace relationships and perspectives in the profession to many young nurses. The senior management needs to realize the diversity in opinion each of the individuals in the workforce brings to the table and consider them in their management styles. The draining of nurses from the profession is reducible using this tactic. According to Wilson et al. (2008), lack of job satisfaction is the one of the major factors forcing nurses to quit the profession anticipating better pay and working conditions in other professionals like the financial sector. Factors that influence job satisfaction include praise and recognition, pay and benefits, satisfaction with scheduling, control, and responsibility. As such, it is of the essence that strategies are in place to ensure nurses and especially the younger nurses who form majority of those abandoning the profession, are working and happy. Information has improved the efficiency of the health care system (Geisen, 2010). Younger nurses are more receptive and proficient in the use of information technology, which some of the older generation of nurses may have considerable skepticism for. This may cause further conflict among the generations. Embracing the ways of thinking of different generations could go a long way in mending the relationship between generations and help in the retention of nurses in the profession. Conclusion One thing is clear from this discussion; the relationship between generations X and baby boomers nurses can only be empowered to greater good of the profession if each generational case is taken into consideration to satisfy every social need. The various needs of all generations of nurses which make them want to quit the profession are easily seen from the extensive research that has been done this far. The ball is now in the policy makers court to go ahead and implement the strategies to ensure crises do not occur in future because of nurses abandoning the profession. Buy custom Challenges in Multi-Generational Staff in the Nursing Profession essay

The Considerations of Pricing Strategies in Multiple Industries Essay

The Considerations of Pricing Strategies in Multiple Industries - Essay Example Burrows (2009) describes the dilemmas at Microsoft company when deciding pricing policy on its many different technology and consumer-oriented products. Microsoft maintains tremendous buying power in its technology market but is facing pricing issues in the midst of a global economic slowdown and rising competition in this market. Microsoft is now wondering, in order to keep sales volumes up and profit at expected levels, whether the business should consider lowering the prices on a wide variety of Microsoft branded products. Says CEO Steve Ballmer of Microsoft, â€Å"we’re focusing on gaining share in (new markets) that are most critical† (Burrows, p.51). Apparently, Microsoft has considerable problems in some markets, such as in Asia, with large volumes of pirating occurring in its computer-related technology marketplaces. Piracy, when customers are able to get their hands on Microsoft products without a proper license, erodes sales success at the company. Therefore, Microsoft considers that in these markets where piracy runs high, they can lower the price of the technology software to make the product less appealing from illegal markets and will bring buyers into the store instead to make a purchase. Even though there is no research evidence which shows that Microsoft has determined a price policy that fits with the company’s leadership expectations, clearly a consideration of pricing is the ability to avoid piracy and also to make products seem more attractive to buyers with fewer resources in order to boost higher sales volumes. Cooper (2009) describes how the regulatory environment impacts pricing, by describing data from the Digital Britain Report.  

Ethics in the Business Research and Reporting Process Paper

Ethics in the Business and Reporting Process - Research Paper Example Ethical Concerns in Business Research and Reporting Plagiarism Business research and reporting, calls for no condoning of plagiarism since it effects badly on the integrity of the business. Plagiarism in business research may include previous reviews, historical researches, methodological and even interpretations of other previous researchers. Every research conducted in business that uses ideas from previous research must acknowledge the source properly. Tenbrunsel and Messick argue that if research is conducted by a group it is unethical for one person to claim responsibility for the finished product. All members who participated in a research should be accorded proper acknowledgement wherever practical (1996). Misuse of Privileged Information In the course of undertaking business research and reporting, the researcher usually comes into contact with privileged information. The use of privileged information may take the form of plagiarism; for instance when information concerning p roposals for grant applications is not kept in confidence by a researcher, or when an editor does not keep draft manuscripts in confidence which may preempt rights of first publication. Such actions may end up depriving the originator of the idea of due acknowledgement and profit. The breaching of confidentiality by a researcher is a serious matter as it may expose the researcher to legal obligations of intellectual theft if the information is subsequently used by unauthorized entities (Pimple, 2008). Data Management There are various ethical issues under data management which the business researcher has to adhere to such as; the integrity of data; the use or misuse of data; access and ownership to data and retention and storage of data. The significance of ensuring the integrity of data cannot be overstated. The giving of false or fabricated data is a serious breach of the ethical standards in business research and reporting. The business researcher will be held accountable for any findings presented which leads to erroneous decision making. The researcher should not release findings which are yet to be confirmed until he has confirmed them. It is the responsibility of the researcher to maintain clear record of his research which would enable a validation of the research conducted (Farell & Fraedrich, 2011). As such the researcher must store his research in a manner which enables other people to easily access it for review. A researcher who errs in the representation of material unknowingly is however exempted from liability unless reckless misconduct can be proved. A good example is a researcher who is supposed to interview 17 people in a firm, he has interviewed 13 but he is wary of getting late for his plane leaving for a holiday in Hawaii. He makes his conclusions based on the 13 which is a breach as the information is potentially misleading. Concerning the use and misuse of data, it is important for the researcher to acquaint himself with the relevant re search methodology and use it in the right way. Ethical standards in reporting and research require that all information that is relevant be included in the final analysis. Disregard of any information should be explained if liability for gross misconduct is to be avoided. Any changes in methodology or protocol in an ongoing research must be sanctioned by management and

Psychological Perspectives for Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Psychological Perspectives for Health and Social Care Essay Psychologists uses a range of perspectives and approaches when studying how individuals think, feel and behave. Some researchers may focus on one specific perspective, whilst other researchers study a more diverse approach that may incorporate multiple points of views. Each perspective aims to offer explanations for different aspects of human behaviour. The behaviourist approach’s influence to health care The behaviourist approach is based on the concept of explaining behaviour through observation and the belief in which our environment is what causes us to behave differently. The behavioural learning model learning is the result of conditioning. The foundation of conditioning is that a reward following a desirable response performs as a reinforcer and increases the possibility that the desirable response will be repeated. Reinforcement is said to be the core of the behaviourist approach. Furthermore, once a desired behaviour established, irregular reinforcement maintains the behaviour. The behaviourist theory approaches are frequently used in weight loss, smoking cessation, assertiveness training and anxiety-reduction programs. The significance of frequently and consistently rewarding desired behaviour immediately and not rewarding undesirable behaviour is crucial to the success of a behaviourist approach to learning. The principles of classical conditioning have been applied in many therapies. As its name suggests, behavioural therapy is focused on human behaviour and looks to eliminate unwanted or abnormal behaviour. Typically this type of therapy is used for those with behavioural problems or mental health conditions that involve unwanted behaviour. Examples of this include: addictions, anxiety, and methodical desensitization for phobias, aversion therapy and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Practitioners of behavioural therapy believe that behaviour is learned and can therefore be un-learned through therapy. As well as the behaviour  itself, behavioural therapists will look at thoughts and feelings that lead to the behaviour or occur as a result of the behaviour to comprehend the issue at a greater level. Aversion therapy is a form of treatment that utilizes behavioural principles to eliminate unwanted behaviour as it follows, if all behaviour is learned it can be unlearned. In this therapeutic method, the unwanted stimulus is repeatedly paired with discomfort. The objective of the conditioning process is to command that the individual associates the stimulus with unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations. There are many reasons why behaviour could perhaps be unlearned; this could be due to behaviour in which is destructive or undesirable. These undesirable behaviours come about as individuals associate them with pleasure; the brain learns that, such as, drinking may allow one to feel relaxed a lowers stress levels. This is somewhat fine, however if one becomes reliant on the substance and it begins to take a dominant part in one’s life then this has become an undesirable behaviour. It is one’s choice to unlearn that alcohol equals pleasure. Aversion therapy goes about eliminating this behaviour by attempting to break the association between alcohol and pleasure. The therapy, in the case of alcoholism, involves the patient drinking while together having a negative stimulus directed. The negative stimulus could be an emetic drug (one that causes the patient to vomit when drinking alcohol) such as an emetic drug, one that encouraging vomiting when alcohol is consumed like disulfiram (a synthetic compound used in the treatment of alcoholics to make drinking alcohol produce unpleasant after-effects), or an electric shock administered whenever the patient drinks. In short, then he patient is punished for drinking and, for the same reason a parent punishes a child, a successful outcome is to reduce or completely eliminate their undesirable behaviour. The cognitive approach’s influence to health care Cognitive therapy for depression has its roots in the cognitive theory of depression (Beck, 1967). It is an active, structured, problem-focused, and  time-limited approach to treatment which is based on the premise that depression is maintained by negatively biased information processing and dysfunctional beliefs. Treatment is designed to help patients learn to think more adaptively and thereby experience improvements in affect, motivation, and behaviour. The effectiveness of cognitive therapy for depression has been demonstrated in over 30 clinical trials (Dobson, 1989). The general approach in cognitive therapy for depression involves guiding patients through a number of structured learning experiences. Patients are taught to monitor and write down their negative thoughts and mental images to recognize the association between their thoughts, feelings, physiology, and behaviour. They learn to evaluate the validity and utility of these cognitions, test them out empirically, and change dysfunctional cognitions to reflect a more adaptive viewpoint. As therapy progresses, patients learn to identify, evaluate, and modify underlying assumptions and dysfunctional beliefs that may have predisposed them to depressive reactions. The therapist also teaches (or reactivates) adaptive coping skills such as breaking down large problems into smaller, more manageable steps, and decision-making by cost-benefit analysis. Activity scheduling, self-monitoring of mastery and pleasure, and graded task assignments are commonly used early in therapy to help patients overcome inertia and expose themselves to potentially rewarding experiences. Patients typically require approximately eight sessions to gain a reasonable level of mastery with the model and the skills involved. A significant reduction in symptoms often occurs during this initial stage of therapy. The remaining sessions are used to evaluate and modify dysfunctional beliefs that impair functioning and make the patient vulnerable to future depressive episodes, build relapse prevention skills, and discuss termination issues. According to my research, many patients show a remission of symptoms in 8-12 sessions. A full course of treatment is considered to be 14-16 sessions although severe cases can take longer. Maintenance of treatment gains is enhanced by occasional booster sessions during the first year after one’s termination. The humanistic approach’s influence to health care Humanist learning theorists view learning as a function of the whole person and believe that learning cannot take place unless both the cognitive and affective domains are involved. The individual’s capacity for self-determination is a vital segment of the humanist theory. For example, the humanist theory is used to help post myocardial infarction (a syndrome that involves the inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart); patients regain a sense of personal control over their health care management. The focus of the humanistic perspective is on the self of one individual which translates into you, and your perception of your individual experiences. This approach argues that one is free to choose his own behaviour, rather than responding to environmental stimuli and reinforcers. Issues dealing with one’s self-esteem, self-fulfilment, and requirements are seen as dominant. The key focus is to assist one’s personal development. Two major theorists associated with this view are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. All patients grow with success and do better when achievements are recognized and reinforced. Respecting the whole person in a supportive environment can encourage learning. Learning is also fostered through structuring information appropriately and presenting it in meaningful segments with appropriate feedback. There are a vast variety of conditions that should be encountered before an individual can develop on becoming self-actualized. According to the ‘needs hierarchy’ described by Abraham Maslow, individuals must first secure their basic organismic needs (including adequate food, clothing and shelter necessary to keep them alive). Having achieved the essentials, they next build up and work to achieve: a feeling of adequate safety, a sense of belonging (to one or more social groups and relationship), and a sense of self-respect and social respect. Self-actualization, the drive for one to do all that he desires to do with his life, is something that only occurs as a influence of behaviour after all the earlier needs are adequately satisfied and a state of contented happiness is achieved. For instance, the media create unrealistic, and for most individuals  unattainable ‘ideal’ image, especially for women and adolescent girls. The majority of models exposed publicly are greatly below the ‘normal’ weight for their age and height. In the humanistic vision, human dysfunctions are caused by a faulty or interrupted development process; essentially human issues regarding to immaturity, or commonly of the social/emotional variety. The aim of humanistic therapy is to promote social or emotional maturity and growth. Through assisting service user’s to resume their disrupted developmental processes in healthy directions, patients are helped by professionals in order to grow up and out the of the immature mental and emotional states that contribute to the pain one may feel or cause pain upon others. The psychodynamic approach to health care Anxiety is a feeling of worry, extreme nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome. The condition gives of an uncomfortable feeling of fear or an approaching disaster and could perhaps negatively reflects the thoughts and bodily reactions an individual may encounter when presented with a situation that is unable to be managed. When an individual experiences the feelings of anxiety, their thoughts may often actively assess the different situations without intentionally doing so; the individual may too develop predictions of how they will cope founded on past experiences. Despite the fact that some anxiety is a normal response to difficult and stressful circumstances, whereas the anxiety level is abnormally high an individual may lack the awareness of how to effectively control the issue. Anxiety can take many forms, and several of these may consist of: An intense physical response due to the arousal of the nervous system leading to the physical symptoms (which may involve the racing of a heartbeat). A cognitive response referring to the thought about the issue and the individuals ability to manage with it. Those which encounter the condition of anxiety may often feel negative about most situations and think unenthusiastic thoughts. A behavioural response which could consist avoidance or unusual behaviour including aggression, restlessness or  irrational behaviour. An emotion response reflecting the high level of distress the individual is confronted with. There is just not one cause of anxiety, however there are a number of factors that could contribute to the development of anxious thoughts, feelings and behaviour. The many factors comprise of: Hereditary many research has suggested that those with a family history of anxiety are more likely to also develop anxiety. Biochemical reasons Research suggests that individuals who experience a high level of anxiety may have an imbalance of chemicals in the brain that regulate feelings and physical reactions. Certain life experiences Particular life experiences can allow individuals more vulnerable to anxiety. Events such as a family break-up, abuse, ongoing bullying, and/or workplace conflict can be stress factors that challenge a persons coping resources and leave them in a vulnerable state to experiencing anxiety. https://www.psychology.org.au/publications/tip_sheets/anxiety/ References: Euromed Info [Online] Available from: http://www.euromedinfo.eu/behavioral-cognitive-humanist-approaches.html/ (Date accessed 19/01/15) Cognitive-behavioural approaches and weight management: an overview. (2000) [Online] Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10918780 (Date accessed 19/01/15) Cognitive Therapy for Depression [Online] Available from: http://www.apa.org/divisions/div12/rev_est/cog_depr.html (Date accessed 19/01/15) What Is Aversion Therapy? (2015) [Online] Available from: http://psychology.about.com/od/typesofpsychotherapy/f/aversion-therapy.htm (Date accessed 09/02/15] DEPRESSION: MAJOR DEPRESSION UNIPOLAR VARIETIES (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.swamh.com/poc/view_doc.php?type=docid=9714cn=5 (Date accessed 09/02/15) Humanistic Approach (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.psychologistworld.com/issues/humanistic-approach.php [Date accessed 09/02/15] Theory in Humanistic Psychology [Online] Available from: http://www.depression-guide.com/humanistic-psychology-therapy.htm [Date accessed 11/02/15] Psychotherapy (2015) [Online] Available from: http://www.gulfbend.org/poc/view_doc.php?type=docid=10441 [Date accessed 11/02/15] Aversion Therapy Alcoholism Drug Therapy (2013) [Online] Available from: http://www.the-alcoholism-guide.org/aversion-therapy.html [Date accessed 11/02/15]

The Missed Fly Ball :: Personal Narrative Essays

The Missed Fly Ball    It was only a fly ball, but I missed it.   I missed a fly ball in the final baseball game my 3rd grade year .   It was a beautiful day, a few clouds covering the extremely blue summer sky.   It was very hot. I remember this because of the tremendous amount of sweat that would run down my face while I stood out in right field.   When I heard that crack of the bat, all I could hope for was that the ball would not come my direction.   I have never had good luck, so the ball was coming right for me.   I didn't even have to move, all I did was put my glove in the air and again hope it hit my glove.   It did hit the glove but bounced right out and behind me.   Now all there was to do was pick up the ball and throw it.   It was not this simple for me.   I turned around, bent down for the ball, and after the third try successfully grabbed it and stood back up and prepared to throw.   Well the first thing that came to mind was just to fling it up in the air and hope it makes it to somebody around the base runner.   Considering my previous luck, I just threw it to the first basemen.   The throw was not any better then the catch.   It landed 5 feet short and by the time the first basemen recovered the runner had rounded third base and was at least halfway home.   The runner did score on a close play at the plate.   The run gave the other team a two run advantage going into the sixth inning, which was the last in midget league.   I knew at this point I was going to have a hard time facing the other guys on the team after this big let down.   It also made me decide to quit baseball all together.   Since quitting baseball at such a early age I missed on the opportunity to take part in what could have, at one time, been considered America's Pastime.    Once a few years later I started to learn how to play basketball for the first time.   It was just a few friends and myself down at the park shooting hoops.   I wasn't terrible, considering I had never really played before.   We played a few games of Horse and a few other simple shooting games.   I wasn't the best but I wasn't always last.   I was doing good until someone suggested we play twenty-one.

Khushwant Singh’s “The Wog” Essay

Khushwant Singh’s story entitled â€Å"The Wog† is a depiction of Indian culture. Indian’s tradition was merely focused on the religion and cultural composition of their society. Every action must be granted by their Gods. This is symbolization of conservatism and illiteracy not literally but through the emotions and psychological circumstances of the protagonist. In this story, the main character had a hard time thinking of his marriage life. He really does not want to get marry because according to the Vedas, marriage is the third of all the four levels that they obtained during their lifetime. Sen, the main character felt this kind of scenario that he is not old enough to face a new beginning – the third part of his life because it means that his death become nearer. However, his bride is the most excited person of all. She loved Sen so much that is why she is willing to accept everything about him. This story also showed how a woman was portrayed in the society of India. Man is the manipulator of everything while the woman will abide to her husband and will surrender everything for him. Based on my understanding to the text, I have seen that the story made a significant point of view towards the issue of culture, religion, and society in India. It is a depiction of values and personalities that people should need to understand in an Indian. In the beginning of the story, Singh thoroughly described the setting through the establishment of the characters. The conflict of the story is that Sen does not want to get married at his age. As a resolution at the end, I have seen that the author resolved the conflict. She lets her character face his fear and agony. She conveyed in her story how a man should be portrayed in the society – fearless and masculine. Reference Singh, K. The Wog. pp. 293-310

Analysis Of The Art Piece Name Yo Mama s Last Supper By Cox

In this essay I am going to conduct an â€Å"Australian Bushman† approach to analyze the art piece name Yo Mama’s Last Supper by Cox. Later on in the essay, I will include contextualization of the analysis. This art piece portrays a darker colored woman in the middle with twelve men sitting at the table, six men on each side. She is not wearing any sort of garments except for a simple white cloth around her spread out arms. All men are divided into three-men group based upon similar actions. The man immediate right to the woman is the only man with paler skin color. On the table, there are feast of fruits, vegetables, bread, and drinks. Now, I must conduct a conceptualization in this analysis. The combination of nakedness and white cloth that are worn around her arms could be to symbolize the purity and holiness of female body, or, it could be a symbolism for the persisting sexism in the world. It highlights the fact that women are only seen as a mere sex object from men in the world. This can be seen from the gaze and expression of other man at the table. From the title of this art piece, it tells us that this woman is posing as Jesus Christ; she is spreading her arm out like Jesus depicted in the iconic painting by Leonardo Da Vinci. Instead of Jesus being a man, Cox used herself, a woman, to represent Jesus. The fact that the Bible is based upon Jesus and his twelve disciples, which all are male, tells us that there is a patriarchal and sexist sense embedded within the